Estimating aquifer hydraulic properties using sinusoidal pumping at the Savannah River site, South Carolina, USA

نویسندگان

  • Todd C. Rasmussen
  • Michael H. Young
چکیده

A framework for estimating aquifer hydraulic properties using sinusoidal pumping is presented that (1) derives analytical solutions for confined, leaky, and partially penetrating conditions; (2) compares the analytical solutions with a finite element model; (3) establishes a field protocol for conducting sinusoidal aquifer tests; and (4) estimates aquifer parameters using the analytical solutions. The procedure is demonstrated in one surficial and two confined aquifers containing potentially contaminated water in coastal plain sediments at the Savannah River site, a federal nuclear facility. The analytical solutions compare favorably with finite-element solutions, except immediately adjacent to the pumping well where the assumption of zero borehole radius is not valid. Estimated aquifer properties are consistent with previous studies for the two confined aquifers, but are inconsistent for the surficial aquifer; conventional tests yielded estimates of the specific yield—consistent with an unconfined response—while the shorter-duration sinusoidal perturbations yielded estimates of the storativity— consistent with a confined, elastic response. The approach minimizes investigation-derived wastes, a significant concern where contaminated fluids must be disposed of in an environmentally acceptable manner. An additional advantage is the ability to introduce a signal different from background perturbations, thus easing detection. R sum Une d marche pour estimer les propri t s d’un aquif re partir d’un d bit de pompage variations sinuso dales est pr sent e pour (1) d river des solutions analytiques pour des conditions captives, en drainance, et de puits incomplet convenant plusieurs applications pratiques, (2) v rifier les solutions analytiques par rapport un mod le aux l ments finis, (3) tablir un protocole de terrain pour r aliser des essais d’aquif re, et (4) estimer les param tres de l’aquif re partir de solutions analytiques. Les solutions analytiques soutiennent bien la comparaison avec les solutions aux l ments finis d’un domaine d’ coulement simul , sauf dans les zones imm diatement voisines du puits de pompage o l’hypoth se d’un rayon de forage nul n’est pas respect e. La proc dure de terrain utilise (1) une cha ne d’acquisition de donn es programmable que contr lent des pompes r gime variable qui alternativement injectent et extraient l’eau du forage pour cr er une impulsion sinuso dale, (2) un conteneur mobile, au-dessus du sol qui stocke momentan ment l’eau de l’aquif re entre les cycles d’extraction et d’injection, (3) des d bitm tres palettes qui contr lent les d bits d’extraction et d’injection, et (4) des capteurs de pression qui contr lent les niveaux d’eau dans les forages de pompage et d’observation. La proc dure est appliqu e une unit aquif re superficielle et deux unit s captives du site de la rivi re Savannah, un site nucl aire f d ral de Caroline du Sud. L’approche sinuso dale fournit rapidement des estimations des param tres de l’aquif re en vitant les pertes de temps li es aux tudes. Resumen Se presenta un marco para estimar las propiedades de los acu feros mediante una tasa de extracci n sinusoidal. El m todo (1) deriva soluciones anal ticas para condiciones de acu fero confinado, semiconfinado y de penetraci n parcial, que son aplicables a muchas situaciones pr cticas; (2) verifica las soluciones anal ticas con un modelo de elementos finitos; (3) establece un protocolo de campo para ejecutar ensayos hidr ulicos; y (4) estima los par metros del acu fero por medio de las soluciones anal ticas. stas han sido validadas de forma satisfactoria con soluciones num ricas en un dominio simulado de flujo, exceptuando las reas adyacentes al pozo de bombeo, para el que la hip tesis de radio nulo no se cumple. El procedimiento de campo utiliza (1) un registrador de datos programable que controla las bombas Received: 16 August 2002 / Accepted: 13 February 2003 Published online: 24 April 2003 Springer-Verlag 2003 T. C. Rasmussen ()) School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia, 1040 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, Georgia, 30602-2152, USA e-mail: [email protected] Tel.: +1-706-5424300 Fax: +1-706-5428356 K. G. Haborak Golder International, 3730 Chamblee Tucker Road, Atlanta, Georgia, 30341, USA M. H. Young Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 755 E. Flamingo Road, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89119, USA Hydrogeology Journal (2003) 11:466–482 DOI 10.1007/s10040-003-0255-7 de velocidad variable que inyectan y extraen agua de forma alternativa desde el sondeo con el fin de crear un est mulo sinusoidal; (2) un contenedor m vil, situado en superficie, que almacena temporalmente el fluido del acu fero durante los ciclos; (3) contadores volum tricos tipo noria que registran las tasas de inyecci n y extracci n; y (4) transductores de presi n para observar los niveles del agua en los sondeos de bombeo y control. El procedimiento ha sido verificado en un acu fero superficial y en dos niveles confinados del emplazamiento del r o Savannah, en Carolina del Sur (Estados Unidos de Am rica), donde se ubican unas instalaciones nucleares federales. El enfoque sinusoidal permite efectuar estimaciones r pidas de los par metros del acu fero a la par que elimina residuos derivados de la investigaci n.

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تاریخ انتشار 2003